C型鋼

C-section steel

冷軋C型鋼就是指在常溫下經過冷彎、冷拉等等一系列的冷加工把帶鋼加工成的。經過這種方式成型的鋼雖然沒有經過熱態塑性壓縮，但是它的截面內仍然存在著或多或少的殘余應力，這對C型鋼的彎曲特性會造成一定的影響。然而熱軋C型鋼是經熱軋成型的內部會出項分層現象，這大大地削弱了受拉的能力，更為嚴重的是可能會出現層間撕裂的后果，這是非常危險的。并且熱軋C型鋼也存在著殘余應力，不過這是由于不均勻冷卻造成的殘余應力，在外力的作用下，變形、穩定性等性能都會出現問題，這些在某種程度上來說，都是比較危險的。

Cold rolled C-section steel refers to the processing of strip steel through a series of cold processing such as cold bending, cold drawing and so on at room temperature. Although the steel formed in this way has not undergone hot plastic compression, there are still more or less residual stresses in its section, which will have a certain impact on the bending characteristics of C-section steel. However, the hot-rolled C-beam is formed by hot rolling, and there will be a delamination phenomenon inside, which greatly weakens the tensile capacity, and more seriously, it may have the consequence of interlayer tearing, which is very dangerous. Moreover, there are residual stresses in hot-rolled C-section steel, but this is due to the residual stresses caused by uneven cooling. Under the action of external forces, there will be problems in deformation, stability and other properties, which are dangerous to some extent.

熱軋可以破壞鋼錠的鑄造組織細化鋼材的晶粒顯微組織的缺陷從而使鋼材組織密實力學性能有所改變。這種改變主要體現在沿軋制方向上從而使鋼材在一定程度上不再是各向同性體，澆注時形成的氣泡、裂紋和疏松也可在高溫和壓力作用下被焊合。而冷軋則成型速度快、產量高且不損傷涂層可以做成多種多樣的截面形式以適應使用條件的需要，冷軋可以使鋼材產生很大的塑性變形從而提高了鋼材的屈服點。

Hot rolling can destroy the casting structure of ingot and refine the defects of grain microstructure of steel, so as to change the compact structure and mechanical properties of steel. This change is mainly reflected in the rolling direction, so that the steel is no longer isotropic to a certain extent, and the bubbles, cracks and porosity formed during pouring can also be welded under the action of high temperature and pressure. Cold rolling has the advantages of fast forming speed, high output and no damage to the coating. It can be made into a variety of cross-section forms to meet the needs of service conditions. Cold rolling can produce great plastic deformation of steel and improve the yield point of steel.

主要的區別就是

The main difference is

1、冷軋成型鋼允許截面出現局部屈曲從而可以充分利用桿件屈曲后的承載力，而熱軋型鋼不允許截面發生局部屈曲。

1. Cold rolled steel allows local buckling of the section, which can make full use of the bearing capacity of the member after buckling, while hot-rolled steel does not allow local buckling of the section.

2、熱軋型鋼和冷軋型鋼殘余應力產生的原因不同所以截面上的分布也有很大差異。

2. The causes of residual stress in hot rolled section steel and cold rolled section steel are different, so the distribution on the section is also very different.